The Lamborghini Murcielago is a sports car produced by Italian automaker Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. and designed by Luc Donckerwolke. It was introduced in 2002 as the successor to the Diablo. The Lamborghini Murcielago is a two-door, two-seat coupé. To celebrate the company's 40 years in operation, 50 special edition Lamborghini Murcielago were built during the autumn of 2003. An open-top version called the Murcielago Roadster.

The Lamborghini Murcielago sports a 6.2-liter version of the Lamborghini V12 engine, a six-speed manual or six-speed sequential automatic transmission, and four-wheel drive. It also has a rear spoiler that can be raised to an angle of 70 degrees, side mirrors that fold in to improve aerodynamics, and side scoops that automatically open to the needed size to let in just the right amount of air needed to cool its engine.

In 2006 the Lamborghini Murcielago's engine was replaced by a stronger 6.5-liter engine and the car's name was changed to Lamborghini Murcielago LP640. For the 2007 model year Lamborghini did the same with the roadster model, which is now called Lamborghini Murcielago LP640 Roadster. Both versions received a minor facelift.

The LP640 version was first shown at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2006, as a facelift for the coupé version. It features a 6.5 Liter engine, now producing 472 kW (642 PS/633 bhp), improving performance substantially. Like the base Lamborghini Murcielago, the engine is mounted "backwards", with the transmission in front of the engine and the differential behind it, instead of a transaxle normally seen on mid-engine cars. There were also a few minor external changes, primarily to the low air intakes.

LP stands for Longitudinale Posteriore, referring to the longitudinally-mounted, 6.5 L V12 engine, capable of producing up to 472 kW (642 PS/633 bhp) at 8000 rpm. Along with a new six-speed manual transmission, which can come in Lamborghini's optional paddle shift "E-gear" package, the LP640 can go from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in just 3.4 seconds: 0.4 of a second quicker than the previous Lamborghini Murcielago. The LP640 is accommodated by an electronic Launch control device called "Thrust."

The Lamborghini Murcielago R-GT is a race-only version of the Murcielago, developed jointly with Reiter Engineering and Audi Sport. It has rear-wheel drive unlike the standard Lamborghini Murcielago to comply with the FIA, ACO, and JAF rules. The car retains the standard Murcielago V12, but has air restrictors to manage power. Its acceleration and top speed are highly dependent on the gearing selected for a particular race track.

In March 2006 at the Super GT Suzuka 500 km, a Murcielago R-GT specifically built for Super GT (and rebadged RG-1) for the Japanese Lamborghini Murcielago Owners Club (JLOC) recorded the first win ever for a Murcielago when they earned a win in the GT300 class. In March 2007 in the FIA GT Championship, the All-Inkl.com Racing Lamborghini Murcielago won the Zhuhai 2 Hours.

The name Murciélago (pronounced moor-thee-EH-la-goh in traditional Castilian Spanish and moor-see-EH-la-goh in Spanish of Latin America), means "bat" in Spanish, comes from a bull that survived 24 sword strokes in an 1879 fight at the arena of Córdoba, and fought with such passion and spirit that the matador chose to spare its life, a rare honor. In another Lamborghini tie-in, the bull was later presented as a gift to Don Antonio Miura, who was a noted breeder and whose bull ranch the Lamborghini Miura was named after, and went on to sire a line of famous fighting bulls.